README This data file is published by the Movebank Data Repository (www.datarepository.movebank.org). As of the time of publication, a version of this published animal tracking dataset can be viewed on Movebank (www.movebank.org) in the study "Common Ravens in the Eastern Alps" (Movebank Study ID 206418248). Individual attributes in the data files are defined below, in the NERC Vocabulary Server at http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/MVB and in the Movebank Attribute Dictionary at www.movebank.org/cms/movebank-content/movebank-attribute-dictionary. Metadata describing this data package are maintained at https://datacite.org. This published dataset contains data in the study "Common Ravens in the Eastern Alps" through 15 March 2020. The study is ongoing. This data package includes the following data files: Common Ravens in the Eastern Alps_2017-2020.csv.zip Common Ravens in the Eastern Alps_2017-2020-reference-data.csv JainEtAl_2022_AdditionalFile1.csv Data package citation: Jain V, Bugnyar T, Cunningham SJ, Gallego-Abenza M, Loretto M, Sumasgutner P. 2022. Data from: The spatial and temporal exploitation of anthropogenic food sources by common ravens (Corvus corax) in the Alps. Movebank Data Repository. https://doi.org/10.5441/001/1.22nd28v7 These data are described in the following written publication: Jain V, Bugnyar T, Cunningham SJ, Gallego-Abenza M, Loretto M-C, Sumasgutner P. 2022. Study "Common Ravens in the Eastern Alps" [2017-2020]. Movement Ecol. 10:35. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40462-022-00335-4 ----------- Terms of Use This data file is licensed by the Creative Commons Zero (CC0 1.0) license. The intent of this license is to facilitate the re-use of works. The Creative Commons Zero license is a "no rights reserved" license that allows copyright holders to opt out of copyright protections automatically extended by copyright and other laws, thus placing works in the public domain with as little legal restriction as possible. However, works published with this license must still be appropriately cited following professional and ethical standards for academic citation. We highly recommend that you contact the data creator if possible if you will be re-using or re-analyzing data in this file. Researchers will likely be interested in learning about new uses of their data, might also have important insights about how to properly analyze and interpret their data, and/or might have additional data they would be willing to contribute to your project. Feel free to contact us at support@movebank.org if you need assistance contacting data owners. For additional information, see License description: http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0 General Movebank Terms of Use: www.movebank.org/cms/movebank-content/general-movebank-terms-of-use Movebank user agreement: https://www.movebank.org/cms/movebank-content/data-policy#user_agreement ----------- Data Attributes These definitions come from the Movebank Attribute Dictionary, available at http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/MVB and www.movebank.org/node/2381. acceleration raw x: Raw acceleration values provided by the tag for the X axis. Range and units may vary by provider, tag, and orientation of the sensor on the animal. example: 0.556641 units: not defined entity described: event URI: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/MVB/current/MVB000002 acceleration raw y: Raw acceleration values provided by the tag for the Y axis. Range and units may vary by provider, tag, and orientation of the sensor on the animal. example: 0.09375 units: not defined entity described: event URI: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/MVB/current/MVB000003 acceleration raw z: Raw acceleration values provided by the tag for the Z axis. Range and units may vary by provider, tag, and orientation of the sensor on the animal. example: -0.84375 units: not defined entity described: event URI: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/MVB/current/MVB000004 animal comments: Additional information about the animal that is not described by other reference data terms. example: sibling of #1423 units: none entity described: individual URI: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/MVB/current/MVB000012 animal ID: An individual identifier for the animal, provided by the data owner. Values are unique within the study. If the data owner does not provide an Animal ID, an internal Movebank animal identifier is sometimes shown. example: TUSC_CV5 units: none entity described: individual same as: individual local identifier URI: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/MVB/current/MVB000016 animal life stage: The age class or life stage of the animal at the beginning of the deployment. Can be years or months of age or terms such as 'adult', 'subadult' and 'juvenile'. Best practice is to define units in the values if needed (e.g. '2 years'). example: juvenile, adult units: none entity described: deployment URI: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/MVB/current/MVB000018 animal mass: The mass of the animal, typically at the beginning of the deployment. example: 500 units: grams entity described: deployment URI: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/MVB/current/MVB000019 animal ring ID: A number or color scheme for a band or ring attached to the animal. example: 26225 units: none entity described: individual URI: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/MVB/current/MVB000022 animal sex: The sex of the animal. Allowed values are m = male f = female u = unknown format: controlled list entity described: individual URI: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/MVB/current/MVB000023 animal taxon: The scientific name of the species on which the tag was deployed, as defined by the Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS, www.itis.gov). If the species name can not be provided, this should be the lowest level taxonomic rank that can be determined and that is used in the ITIS taxonomy. Additional information can be provided using the term 'taxon detail' format: controlled list entity described: individual same as: individual taxon canonical name URI: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/MVB/current/MVB000024 attachment type: The way a tag is attached to an animal. Values are chosen from a controlled list: backpack-harness = The tag is attached to the animal using a backpack-style harness. collar = The tag is attached by a collar around the animal's neck; fin mount = The tag is attached to the animal's fin; glue = The tag is attached to the animal using glue; harness = The tag is attached to the animal using a harness; implant = The tag is placed under the skin of the animal; leg-band = The tag is attached as a leg band or ring; leg-loop-harness = The tag is attached to the animal using a leg-loop-style harness; none = No tag was attached, e.g., for observations using natural markings; other = The tag is attached using another method; suction-cup = The tag is attached using one or more suction cups; tape = The tag is attached to the animal using tape. format: controlled list entity described: deployment URI: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/MVB/current/MVB000052 barometric height: Altitude estimated by a barometric pressure sensor on the tag. example: 179 units: meters entity described: event same as: bar:barometric height URI: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/MVB/current/MVB000054 battery charge percent: The battery charge as a percentage of full charge. example: 25 units: none (percent) entity described: event URI: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/MVB/current/MVB000063 battery charging current: The battery charging current reported by the tag. example: 0 units: milliamperes (mA) entity described: event URI: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/MVB/current/MVB000064 deploy off timestamp: The timestamp when the tag deployment ended. Data records recorded after this day and time are not associated with the animal related to the deployment. Values are typically defined by the data owner, and in some cases are created automatically during data import. Further information can be provided in 'deployment end type' and 'deployment end comments'. example: 2009-10-01 12:00:00.000' format: yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS units: UTC or GPS time entity described: deployment same as: deploy off date URI: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/MVB/current/MVB000077 deploy on latitude: The geographic latitude of the location where the animal was released. Intended primarily for cases in which the animal release location has higher accuracy than that derived from sensor data. example: 27.3516 units: decimal degrees, WGS84 reference system entity described: deployment URI: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/MVB/current/MVB000078 deploy on longitude: The geographic longitude of the location where the animal was released. Intended primarily for cases in which the animal release location has higher accuracy than that derived from sensor data. example: -97.3321 units: decimal degrees, WGS84 reference system entity described: deployment URI: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/MVB/current/MVB000079 deploy on timestamp: The timestamp when the tag deployment started. Data records recorded before this day and time are not associated with the animal related to the deployment. Values are typically defined by the data owner, and in some cases are created automatically during data import. example: 2008-08-30 18:00:00.000' format: yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS units: UTC or GPS time entity described: deployment same as: deploy on date URI: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/MVB/current/MVB000081 deployment end type: A categorical classification describing the end of the tag deployment on the animal. Best practice is to clarify how the 'deploy-off timestamp', if present, was chosen. Values are chosen from a controlled list: analysis-end = the end time represents the end of the period of interest for the study/dataset; captured = The tag remained on the animal but the animal was captured or confined; dead = The deployment ended with the death of the animal that was carrying the tag; dead/fall-off = The tag stopped moving, and it is not possible to determine whether it is due to death of the animal or unscheduled tag detachment; equipment-failure = The tag stopped working; fall-off = The attachment of the tag to the animal failed, and it fell of accidentally; other = other; released = The tag remained on the animal but the animal was released from captivity or confinement; removal = The tag was purposefully removed from the animal; scheduled-detachment = The tag was programmed to detach from the animal; transmission-end = The tag stopped transmitting usable data; unknown = The cause of the end of data availability or transmission is unknown. format: controlled list entity described: deployment URI: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/MVB/current/MVB000084 deployment ID: A unique identifier for the deployment of a tag on animal, provided by the data owner. If the data owner does not provide a Deployment ID, an internal Movebank deployment identifier may sometimes be shown. example: Jane-Tag42 units: none entity described: deployment URI: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/MVB/current/MVB000085 external temperature: The temperature measured by the tag (different from ambient temperature or internal body temperature of the animal). example: 32.1 units: degrees Celsius entity described: event same as: temperature external URI: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/MVB/current/MVB000104 event ID: An identifier for the set of values associated with each event, i.e. sensor measurement. A unique event ID is assigned to every time-location or other time-measurement record in Movebank. If multiple measurements are included within a single row of a data file, they will share an event ID. If users import the same sensor measurement to Movebank multiple times, a separate event ID will be assigned to each. example: 6340565 units: none entity described: event URI: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/MVB/current/MVB000103 GPS HDOP: Horizontal dilution of precision provided by the GPS. example: 1.2 units: unitless entity described: event URI: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/MVB/current/MVB000118 GPS satellite count: The number of GPS satellites used to estimate the location. example: 8 units: count entity described: event URI: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/MVB/current/MVB000120 GPS time to fix: The time required to obtain the GPS location fix. example: 36 units: seconds entity described: event URI: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/MVB/current/MVB000121 ground speed: The estimated ground speed provided by the sensor or calculated between consecutive locations. example: 7.22 units: m/s entity described: event URI: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/MVB/current/MVB000124 heading: The direction in which the tag is moving, in decimal degrees clockwise from north, as provided by the sensor or calculated between consecutive locations. Values range from 0-360: 0 = north, 90 = east, 180 = south, 270 = west. example: 315.88 units: degrees clockwise from north entity described: event URI: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/MVB/current/MVB000129 height above ellipsoid: The estimated height above the ellipsoid, typically estimated by the tag. If altitudes are calculated as height above mean sea level, use 'height above mean sea level'. example: 24.8 units: meters entity described: event URI: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/MVB/current/MVB000130 height above mean sea level: The estimated height of the tag above mean sea level, typically estimated by the tag. If altitudes are calculated as height above an ellipsoid, use 'height above ellipsoid'. example: 34 units: meters entity described: event same as: height above msl URI: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/MVB/current/MVB000131 import marked outlier: Identifies events as outliers. Typically used to import a record of outliers that were identified by the data provider or owner with automated methods outside of Movebank. Outliers have the value TRUE. units: none entity described: event URI: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/MVB/current/MVB000133 light level: Light-level values measured by a solar geolocator. Range and units may vary by provider and tag settings. Best practice is to define values in the reference data. example: 28 units: not defined entity described: event same as: gls:light level URI: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/MVB/current/MVB000139 location lat: The geographic latitude of the location as estimated by the sensor. Positive values are east of the Greenwich Meridian, negative values are west of it. example: -41.0982423 units: decimal degrees, WGS84 reference system entity described: event URI: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/MVB/current/MVB000145 location long: The geographic longitude of the location as estimated by the sensor. Positive values are east of the Greenwich Meridian, negative values are west of it. example: -121.1761111 units: decimal degrees, WGS84 reference system entity described: event URI: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/MVB/current/MVB000146 magnetic field raw x: Raw magnetic field values provided by the tag for the X axis. May include an unknown offset. Range and units may vary by provider, tag, and orientation of the sensor on the animal. example: -0.5197 units: not defined entity described: event same as: mag magnetic field raw x URI: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/MVB/current/MVB000151 magnetic field raw y: Raw magnetic field values provided by the tag for the Y axis. May include an unknown offset. Range and units may vary by provider, tag, and orientation of the sensor on the animal. example: -0.993 units: not defined entity described: event same as: mag magnetic field raw y URI: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/MVB/current/MVB000152 magnetic field raw z: Raw magnetic field values provided by the tag for the Z axis. May include an unknown offset. Range and units may vary by provider, tag, and orientation of the sensor on the animal. example: -0.8857 units: not defined entity described: event same as: mag magnetic field raw z URI: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/MVB/current/MVB000153 manipulation comments: Additional comments about the way in which the animal was manipulated during the deployment. Use 'manipulation type' to define the general type of manipulation. example: Relocated from breeding colony on Smithers Island to release location at 70.02E, 21.21S units: none entity described: deployment URI: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/MVB/current/MVB000154 manipulation type: The way in which the animal was manipulated during the deployment. Additional information can be provided using 'manipulation comments'. Values are chosen from a controlled list: confined = The animal's movement was restricted to within a defined area; domesticated = The animal is domesticated, for example, is a house pet or part of a managed herd; manipulated-other = The animal was manipulated in some other way, such as a physiological manipulation; none = The animal received no treatment other than tag attachment (if applicable); reintroduction = The animal has been reintroduced as part of wildlife conservation or management efforts; relocated = The animal was released from a site other than the one at which it was captured. format: controlled list entity described: deployment URI: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/MVB/current/MVB000155 manually marked outlier: Identifies events flagged manually as outliers, typically using the Event Editor in Movebank, and may also include outliers identified using other methods. Outliers have the value TRUE. units: none entity described: event URI: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/MVB/current/MVB000156 Ornitela transmission protocol: The way in which the data from Ornitela tags were transmitted. Allowed values are SMS or GPRS. format: controlled list entity described: event same as: orn transmission protocol URI: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/MVB/current/MVB000163 sensor type: The type of sensor with which data were collected. All sensors are associated with a tag id, and tags can contain multiple sensor types. Each event record in Movebank is assigned one sensor type. If values from multiple sensors are reported in a single event, the primary sensor is used. Values are chosen from a controlled list: acceleration = The sensor collects acceleration data; accessory measurements = The sensor collects accessory measurements, such as battery voltage; acoustic telemetry = The sensor transmits an acoustic signal that is detected by receivers to determine location; Argos Doppler shift = The sensor uses Argos Doppler shift to determine location; barometer = The sensor records air or water pressure; bird ring = The animal is identified by a band or ring that has a unique identifier; GPS = The sensor uses GPS to determine location; gyroscope = The sensor records angular velocity; magnetometer = The sensor records the magnetic field; natural mark = The animal is identified by a unique natural marking; orientation = Quaternion components describing the orientation of the tag are derived from accelerometer and gyroscope measurements; radio transmitter = The sensor transmits a radio signal that is detected by receivers to determine location; solar geolocator = The sensor collects light levels, which are used to determine position (for processed locations); solar geolocator raw = The sensor collects light levels, which are used to determine position (for raw light-level measurements); solar geolocator twilight = The sensor collects light levels, which are used to determine position (for twilights calculated from light-level measurements). format: controlled list entity described: event URI: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/MVB/current/MVB000170 study name: The name of the study in Movebank. example: Coyotes, Kays and Bogan, Albany NY units: none entity described: study URI: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/MVB/current/MVB000173 tag ID: A unique identifier for the tag, provided by the data owner. If the data owner does not provide a tag ID, an internal Movebank tag identifier may sometimes be shown. example: 2342 units: none entity described: tag same as: tag local identifier URI: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/MVB/current/MVB000181 tag manufacturer name: The company or person that produced the tag. example: Holohil units: none entity described: tag same as: manufacturer name URI: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/MVB/current/MVB000183 tag mass: The mass of the tag. example: 24 units: grams entity described: tag same as: weight URI: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/MVB/current/MVB000184 tag model: The model of the tag. example: T61 units: none entity described: tag URI: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/MVB/current/MVB000185 tag readout method: The way the data are received from the tag. Values are chosen from a controlled list: ISS = Data are transferred via the International Space Station; LPWAN = Data are transferred through a low-power wide-area network, such as LoRa or Sigfox; multiple = Data are acquired using multiple methods; none = Data are obtained without use of an animal-borne tag, such as by observing a unique marking; other-wireless = Data are transferred via another form of wireless data transfer, such as a VHF transmitter/receiver; phone-network = Data are transferred via a phone network, such as GSM or AMPS; satellite = Data are transferred via satellite; tag-retrieval = The tag must be physically retrieved in order to obtain the data; telemetry-network = Data are obtained through a radio or acoustic telemetry network; Wi-Fi/Bluetooth = Data are transferred via a local Wi-Fi or Bluetooth system. format: controlled list entity described: deployment URI: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/MVB/current/MVB000188 tag voltage: The voltage as reported by the tag. example: 2895 units: mV entity described: event URI: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/MVB/current/MVB000191 timestamp: The date and time corresponding to a sensor measurement or an estimate derived from sensor measurements. example: 2008-08-14 18:31:00.000' format: yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS units: UTC or GPS time entity described: event URI: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/MVB/current/MVB000200 visible: Determines whether an event is visible on the Movebank map. Values are calculated automatically, with TRUE indicating the event has not been flagged as an outlier by 'algorithm marked outlier', 'import marked outlier' or 'manually marked outlier', or that the user has overridden the results of these outlier attributes using 'manually marked valid' = TRUE. Allowed values are TRUE or FALSE. units: none entity described: event URI: http://vocab.nerc.ac.uk/collection/MVB/current/MVB000209 ----------- File JainEtAl_2022_AdditionalFile1.csv This file contains summary information on the tracked individuals. This is the same as Additional File 1 of the Supplementary Information in Jain et al. (2022). It includes the following attributes: id_name: see 'animal ID' above age_class: see 'animal life stage' above season: season tracked sex: see 'animal sex' above origin: whether the bird was wild caught or captive bred year: year tracked fix_total: total number of location fixes days: total number of days tracked ud_95_km2: occurrence distribution, in km^2 (calculated as the 95% contour area of the utilization distribution or 95% UD) avg_disp_km: average maximum daily displacements, in km num_afs_visited: number of AFSs visited prop_fixes_in_buffer: proportion of GPS fixes inside a buffer timestamp_start: timestamp of the beginning of the monitoring period for the animal (format yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS, UTC time) timestamp_end: timestamp of the end of the monitoring period for the animal (format yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS, UTC time) death_comments: comments on death of the animal ----------- More Information For more information about this repository, see www.movebank.org/cms/movebank-content/data-repository, the FAQ at https://www.datarepository.movebank.org/faq, or contact us at support@movebank.org.